Environmental Pollution and Pollutants

There has been a continuous or non-interrupted interaction between the organisms and their environments. In the interaction, a large number of extraneous matters and energy are liberated into the environment. When the liberated matters and energy in the environment exceeds its normal concentration, ti is extremely harmful for the living organisms. Such unfavorable or undesirable effect of the environment which is caused due to the over exploitation of the interaction of between the organisms and the environment is called environmental pollution. Or in other words, any undesirable change(which may be physical, chemical or biological) that takes place in the environment and has adverse effect in the organisms is called pollution.
Any living or non-living thing or any physical or chemical agent whose presence in excess makes any part of the environment undesirable or uncomfortable for living lives on Earth is called pollutant. For example, water contaminated with chemical or any waste material is not desirable for drinking and also for aquatic lives. Air containing dust ,smoke, and more carbon dioxide is uncomfortable for breathing.Similarly, high concentration of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen phosphorous and potassium in soil is not suitable for yielding crops. So, the over concentration of chemicals, the waste materials, dust, smoke,etc. are pollutants.
Some of the common pollutants are deposited substances such as smoke, dust, soot etc.;solid waste like plastic bags, pieces of glass and metals; economic poisons like herbicides, pesticides, fungicides, insecticides and other biocides; complex organic compounds like benzene, ether, acetic acid etc.; fertilizers, radioactive wastes , noise ,heat etc.
Human beings are the most effected component of environment. The effect of pollution on human beings toxicological. High dose of some kind of pollutant can be fatal as well. The pollution causes many diseases on human. For example, polluted water a large number of diseases. Chemical pollutants cause injury to plants and reduce their growth and vegetation; and finely reduce crop yield. For example, Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen florid and photochemical smog can cause injury to the plant.Similarly, air pollution , water pollution and radiation pollution can bring complex changes in plants. Animals also get affected by the pollution. Polluted water can kill millions of aquatic lives; pollution in lakes and rivers can kill fishes, frogs, snakes etc. living there. The pollution can also cause deterioration on living things. For example, pollutants like sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid can corrode metals and other building materials. The suspended particles or dissolved organic compounds in water can reduce life in machines as pumps and industrial equipments. Similarly, noise can produce a pressure more than 100 N/meter square which can cause destruction of buildings.
Therefore, it is necessary that we should to use our resources sustainably and not over exploiting the natural resources. We should try not to use the things which are harmful to the environment and its components.